May Cause

Bilateral hilar enlargement

Pulmonary arterial hypertension

Pulmonary edema

May Be Caused by

Arteriovenous fistulas

Cardiomyopathy

Coarctation of aorta

Constrictive pericarditis

Cor triatriatum

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome

Left atrial myxoma

Left atrial thrombus

Left ventricular failure

Mitral insufficiency

Mitral stenosis

Parachute mitral valve complex

Peripheral arterial-venous malformation

Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease

Pulmonary venous obstruction

Sickle cell disease

Systemic-to-pulmonary vascular shunt

Thyrotoxicosis

Total anomalous pulmonary venous return