Gamuts

Exophthalmos

Exophthalmos (also called exophthalmus, exophthalmia, proptosis, or exorbitism) is a bulging of the eye anteriorly out of the orbit. Exophthalmos can be either bilateral (as is often seen in Graves' disease) or unilateral (as is often seen in an orbital tumor). [Source: Wikipedia ]

Subtypes
Unilateral exophthalmos
May Cause
Large orbit
May Be Caused by
Benign exophthalmos syndrome
Brachmann-de Lange syndrome
Caffey disease
Camurati-Engelmann disease
Cardio-facio-cutaneous syndrome
Cloverleaf skull deformity
Craniosynostosis syndrome
Crouzon syndrome
Cystic fibrosis
Dysostosis Stanescu type
Endosteal hyperostosis van Buchem type
Erdheim-Chester disease
Fibrous dysplasia
Gerodermia osteodysplastica
Goldberg-Shprintzen syndrome
Hyperthyroidism
Infantile multisystem inflammatory disease
Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Lethal osteosclerotic skeletal dysplasia
Melnick-Needles osteodysplasty
Metaphyseal chondrodysplasia Jansen type
Multiple myeloma
Neu-Laxova syndrome
Neurofibromatosis
Noonan syndrome
Opitz trigonocephaly syndrome
Orbital neoplasm
Osteopetrosis
Paget disease of bone
Red-eyed shunt syndrome
Relapsing polychondritis
Roberts syndrome
Sclerosteosis
Thalassemia

Copyright © 2022, Charles E. Kahn, Jr., MD, MS
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